Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

 # Which radiographic landmark extends inferiorly from the medial pterygoid plate? A. Nasolabial fold B. Hamular process C. Zygomatic process D. Maxillary tuberosity The correct answer is B. Hamular process. The radiographic landmark that extends inferiorly from the medial pterygoid plate is the hamulus (or hamular process) of the sphenoid bone. The hamular process is a small, hook-like projection that extends downward from the medial pterygoid plate. It is visible on certain radiographic views, such as panoramic or lateral cephalometric radiographs, and serves as an attachment point for structures like the pterygomandibular raphe and the tensor veli palatini muscle.

# A 12 year old patient presents with premature loss of primary teeth. On radiographic examination, a sharply marginated lucency is seen in the area of tooth loss. A biopsy specimen shows a round cell infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. Which of the following diagnosis is suggested? A. Cherubism B. Gardener’s syndrome C. Fibrous dysplasia D. Langerhans’ cell disease The correct answer is D. Langerhans’ cell disease . Explanation: The clinical presentation of a 12-year-old patient with premature loss of primary teeth, a sharply marginated radiolucency on radiographic examination, and a biopsy showing a round cell infiltrate with numerous eosinophils strongly suggests Langerhans’ cell disease (also known as Langerhans cell histiocytosis, LCH). LCH is a rare disorder characterized by the proliferation of Langerhans cells, often affecting children. In the oral cavity, it commonly presents with premature tooth loss, "floating teeth" due to bone destruction, and sharply defin...

 # Dental fluorosis, a tooth defect, is categorized as one of the following: A. Hypoplasia B. Aplasia C. Hyperplasia D. Heteroplasia The correct answer is A. Hypoplasia . Dental fluorosis is a developmental defect of tooth enamel caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth formation, leading to hypomineralization and hypoplasia of the enamel. It results in incomplete or defective enamel formation, often presenting as white spots, mottling, or pitting. Explanation of other options: B. Aplasia : This refers to the absence or complete failure of development of a tissue or organ, which does not apply to dental fluorosis, as the enamel is present but defective. C. Hyperplasia : This indicates an excessive growth or overdevelopment of tissue, which is not characteristic of fluorosis, where the issue is underdevelopment or defective enamel. D. Heteroplasia : This term is not commonly used in dental contexts and generally refers to the formation of abnormal tissue in an inapprop...

 # Which of the following cells are responsible for acute suppurative inflammation? A. Plasma cells B. Macrophages C. Neutrophils D. Lymphocytes The correct answer is C. Neutrophils. Neutrophils are the primary cells responsible for acute suppurative inflammation, which is characterized by the rapid accumulation of pus (consisting of neutrophils, dead cells, and tissue debris) in response to infection or tissue injury. They are the first responders in acute inflammatory processes, particularly in bacterial infections, and are key in forming abscesses and other suppurative (pus-forming) conditions. Explanation of other options: A. Plasma cells: These are involved in humoral immunity, producing antibodies, and are more associated with chronic inflammation or immune responses, not acute suppurative inflammation. B. Macrophages: These play a role in both acute and chronic inflammation but are more prominent in chronic inflammation and tissue repair, not specifically in suppurative (pus...

1. In orthodontic biomechanics, a low moment-to-force ratio typically results in which type of tooth movement? A. Bodily movement B. Controlled tipping C. Uncontrolled tipping D. Intrusion E. Extrusion 2. The center of resistance of a single-rooted tooth is located approximately at what distance from the alveolar crest? A. One-third of the root length B. One-half of the root length C. Two-thirds of the root length D. At the apex E. At the cervical margin

  The Hidden Environmental Cost of Face Masks: How Disposable Masks Contribute to Microplastic Pollution In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, disposable face masks became our everyday armor against an invisible enemy. Billions were produced, worn, and discarded, saving countless lives but leaving a lingering question: What happens to all that waste? A recent study published in Environmental Pollution (2024) by researchers Anna A. Bogush and Ivan Kourtchev from Coventry University sheds light on a troubling side effect—disposable masks as a sneaky source of microplastics and harmful chemicals leaching into our environment. If you're concerned about plastic pollution, ocean health, or the long-term legacy of the pandemic, this is a must-read. Let's dive into the findings and explore what it means for our planet. The Pandemic's Plastic Boom: A Quick Recap Remember 2020? As the world grappled with COVID-19, face masks went from niche medical gear to global essentials. The ...

# An orthodontist is using a bracket with a 0.022-inch slot. Which of the following is the most significant disadvantage of using a wire that is not fully seated in this slot? A. Inability to express the full programmed torque and angulation. B. Increased friction between the wire and the bracket. C. Higher risk of bracket debonding. D. Reduced anchorage control. # A patient presents with a history of nickel allergy. What type of orthodontic bracket would be the most appropriate choice to avoid an allergic reaction? A. Stainless steel brackets. B. Ceramic brackets. C. Nickel-titanium brackets. D. Gold-plated brackets. # What is the primary advantage of a self-ligating bracket system compared to a conventional bracket system with elastomeric ligatures? A. Increased control over individual tooth rotation. B. Improved oral hygiene due to less plaque accumulation. C. Reduced treatment time due to increased friction. ...