B. Condylar cartilage
C. Coronoid process
D. Ramus
# Maxilla develops by :
A. Endochondral bone formation
B. Intramembranous bone formation
C. cartilage replacement and intramembranous bone formation
D. mostly cartilage replacement and a little by intramembranous
# Which of the organ / system increases to 200 % the adult size before puberty ?
A. Lymphoid
B. Somatic
C. Genitals
D. Neural
# Servo system theory of growth was given by :
A. Scott
B. Petrovic
C. Limborgh
D. Van der Klaauw
# Greatest amount of cranial growth occurs by :
A. Birth to 5 years
B. 5-6 years
C. 6-7 years
D. 7-10 years
# At birth which of the following structures is nearest the size it will eventually attain in adulthood ?
A. Cranium
B. Mandible
C. Middle face
D. Nasal capsule
# 'Epigenetic factors' controlling the growth of skeleton are :
A. Genetic factors present within the skeleton
B. Genetic factors present outside the skeleton
C. Local non genetic factors
D. General non-genetic factors
# About Scammon's growth curve, the false is :
A. Neural tissue - most of the growth is completed by 6 years
B. Lymphoid tissues - growth reaches 200% by age 13 and then regresses
C. Genital tissues - most of the growth is completed by the age of puberty
D. None of the above
# Age of closure of sphenooccipital synchondrosis is :
A. 6 years
B. 12 years
C. 18 years
D. 25 years
# Persistent part of the envelope of Meckel's cartilage is :
A. Stylomandibular ligament
B. Temporomandibular ligament
C. Sphenomandibular ligament
D. Stylohyoid ligament
# Meckel's cartilage gives rise to :
A. Condylar process
B. Coronoid process
C. Rest of Ramus
D. None of the above
# Growth of oral structures is mainly influenced by factors :
A. Hereditary
B. Environmental
C. Hereditary-influenced by environmental
D. None of the above
# Duration of adolescent stage in boys is :
A. 3 years
B. 4 years
C. 3-5 years
D. 5 years
# An early pre-pubertal growth spurt indicates :
A. Longer treatment time
B. Fast maturing child
C. Slow maturing child
D. An endocrine dysfunction
# Sphenooccipital synchondrosis closes at the age of :
A. 6 years of age
B. Early puberty age
C. Early adult age
D. It never closes
# At birth, the palate is relatively flat. In adults; it is vault shaped. By which of the following does this change occur ?
A. Bone resorption in the palatal vault
B. Growth of the maxillary sinuses
C. Deposition of the alveolar crestal bone
D. Bone deposition on the posterior wall of the maxillary tuberosity
# If a child's teeth do not form, this would primarily affect the growth of the :
A. Maxilla
B. Mandible
C. Alveolar bone
D. Whole face
# After the age of 6, the increase in the size of mandible occurs at :
A. Symphysis
B. Between canines
C. Along the lower border
D. Distal to 1st molars
# Vital staining was introduced by :
A. Enlow
B. Wolf
C. John Hunter
D. Petrovic
# Growth of the maxilla in the vertical dimension is due to :
A. Growth of the alveolus
B. Growth at sutures
C. Growth of the cranial base
D. Growth of the synchondrosis
# Growth of the cranium continues :
A. upto 2 years
B. upto 10 years
C. upto 15 years
D. throughout life
# Absence of sesamoid bone in girl of age about normal range of puberty is said to have :
A. Completed the growth
B. Overgrowth
C. Delay in reaching puberty
D. All of the above
# In sutures there is proliferation of connective tissue followed by replacement of bone, this is called :
A. Endochondral bone growth
B. Intramembranous growth
C. Appositional growth
D. Periosteal growth
# The pharyngeal muscle which forms a part of buccinator mechanism is :
A. Inferior constrictor
B. Middle constrictor
C. Superior Constrictor
D. Palatopharyngeus
# Premaxila is derived from :
A. Maxillary protuberance
B. Palatine bones
C. Frontonasal process
D. Median process
# Differential growth means :
A. Difference between growth and development
B. Difference between individual growth
C. Acceleration in growth
D. Different tissues grow at different times , rate and amount
# In a new born child, we generally see :
A. Maxillary protrusion
B. Maxillary retrusion
C. Mandibular protrusion
D. Mandibular retrusion
# The implant method of studying growth was proposed by :
A. Scammon
B. Borg
C. Belchier
D. Bjork
# Earlier closure of a suture is called :
A. Synchondrosis
B. Ankylosis
C. Synostosis
D. Epiphysis
# The 'V' principle of growth is best illustrated by:
A. Body of mandible
B. Mandibular ramus
C. Mandibular symphysis
D. Sphenooccipital synchondrosis
# The first ossification center of the mandible in a 6 weeks old human embryo is found in which one of the following locations ?
A. Future coronoid process
B. Future condylar process
C. Future mental foramen
D. Future mandibular foramen
# Functional matrix theory is hypothesized by :
A. Scott
B. Sicher
C. Petrovic
D. Moss
# Bjork used the implants for predicting facial growth changes. This approach is called as :
A. Longitudinal approach
B. Metric approach
C. Structural approach
D. Computerized predication
# The functional matrix concept as revised by Moss does not include :
A. Connected cellular network
B. Mechano-transduction
C. Epigenetic-epithesis
D. Genomic thesis
# Negative growth is a characteristic of :
A. Testis
B. Brain
C. Mandible
D. Thymus
# The body tissue that grows rapidly but shows minimal growth after the age of 6-7 years is :
A. Neural tissue
B. Lymphoid tissue
C. Skeletal tissue
D. Genital tissue
# Combinations of deposition and resorption occurring in the different bones of the skull which result in a growth movement towards the depository surface is termed as:
A. Remodeling
B. Displacement
C. Physiologic resorption
D. Drift
# Enlows 'V' principle of growth is found in :
A. Cranial Base
B. Maxilla only
C. Maxilla and mandible
D. None of the above
# Oral and nasal capsule of functional growth related to :
A. Periosteal matrix
B. Sutural matrix
C. Capsular matrix
D. None of the above
# In Sicher's theory, suture acts as :
A. has independent growth potential
B. Dependent on cranial base
C. Used for growth adjustment
D. None of the above
# The movement of bone in response to its own growth is termed as :
A. Rotation
B. Secondary Displacement
C. Primary Displacement
D. Differentiation
# The 'Suture dominance theory' of craniofacial growth was given by :
A. Moss
B. Sicher
C. Profit
D. Petrovic
# Cranial vault volume at 7 years is :
A. 1/3
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4
# Skull at birth contains :
A. 22 bones
B. 34 Bones
C. 45 Bones
D. 54 Bones
# Spheno occipital synchondroses carries the growth of anterior half of the gonial base of the cranium and upper part of the face in :
A. Forward and downward directions
B. Forward and lateral direction
C. Upward and forward direction
D. Only forward direction
# All of the following are examples of fibrous joint except :
A. Symphysis
B. Gomphosis
C. Sutural
D. Syndesmosis
# More than 90% of growth of the brain or brain vault has been achieved by :
A. 12 years of life
B. 5 years of life
C. 18 Years of life
D. 21 years of life
# Mechanism of bone growth is by :
A. Bone deposition and resorption
B. Cortical drift
C. Displacement
D. All of the above
# A change in the intensity and direction of functional forces would produce demonstrable change in the internal architecture and external form of bone was stated by :
A. Mevin Moss
B. E.H. Angle
C. Zadmison
D. Julies Wolff
# Development of face occurs in the following planes :
A. Transverse, sagittal, vertical
B. Transverse , vertical , sagittal
C. Sagittal, vertical, transverse
D. Vertical, transverse, sagittal
# Read the following Carefully
1) Spheno occipital synchondrosis
2) Mandibular condyle
3) Frontomaxillary suture
4) Nasal septum
5)Alveolar Process
Which of the following are the sites of cartilaginous growth postnatally ?
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 , 2 and 4
C. 2 , 3 and 5
D. 3 and 5
# Father of modern Orthodontics is :
A. Dewey
B. Angle
C. Andrew
D. Clark
# All of the following are considered microskeletal units of the mandible as per the matrix theory except :
A. Chin
B. Glenoid fossa
C. Coronoid process
D. Angle of the mandible
# Growth estimation is done by :
A. Frontal bone
B. Cervical vertebrae
C. Capitate
D.Clavicle
# Functional matric theory suggests that the determinant growth of skeletal tissues reside in:
A. Skeletal
B. Sutures
C. Cartilages
D. Non skeletal tissues
# The three main vertical pillars of trajectories of force arising from the alveolar process and ending in the base of the skull are all except :
A. Canine pillar
B. Zygomatic pillar
C. Pterygoid pillar
D. Condylar pillar
# The condylar cartilage in the mandible is held to be a :
A. Primary cartilage
B. Secondary cartilage
C. Tertiary cartilage
D. Non growing cartilage
# Growth activity at which of these synchondroses completes first ?
A. Spheno occipital
B. Intersphenoidal
C. Intra-occipital
D. Sphenoethmoidal
# Arch space for eruption of second and third molar is created by :
A. apposition of hamular processes
B. resorption of anterior border of ramus
C. resorption of posterior border of ramus
D. apposition of lower border of mandible
# First growth spurt takes place at what age ?
A. 1st year
B. 3rd year
C. 6th year
D. 9th year
# Growth sites in maxilla is/are :
A. Maxillary tuberosity
B. sutures
C. nasal septum
D. all of the above
# Growth trends show that in most patients :
A. maxilla and mandible grow in unison
B. maxilla grows more rapidly
C. mandible grows at faster rate than the middle third of the face
D. no such conclusion can be made
# The first evidence of cartilage getting converted into bone in craniofacial skeleton occur during :
A. Fourth postnatal week
B. Eighth prenatal week
C. Fourth prenatal week
D. Eighth postnatal week
# In child development , the embryo period is :
A. 0-2 weeks
B. 2-3 weeks
C. 2-8 weeks
D. 9 weeks to birth
# Growth is generally completed :
A. First in head and last in depth of face
B. First in head and last in width of face
C. First in head and last in height of face
D. First in depth and last in width of face
# Growth of condyle is by :
A. Membranous growth
B. Interstitial growth
C. Cartilaginous proliferation
D. Bony apposition
# The gonial angle at birth is :
A. 90 degrees
B. 110 degrees
C. 145 degrees
D. 175 degrees
# Who proposed the 'nasal septum theory of craniofacial growth' ?
A. Mass
B. Sicher
C. Vander Linden
D.Latham
# The groove separating the gum pad from the palate is called:
A. Gingival groove
B. Dental groove
C. Lateral sulcus
D. Transverse groove
# Who proposed the 'trajectory theory of bone formation' ?
A. An anatomist Meyer
B. a mathematician, Cullman
C. Both A and B
D. Victor Hugo
# Anthropometry is:
A. Measurement of skeletal dimensions on human skeletal remains
B. Measurement of skeletal dimensions on living individuals
C. Measurement of skeletal dimensions on radiographs
D. Measurements of skeletal dimensions on photographs
# The mandible grows longer by apposition of new bone on the posterior surface of :
A. Coronoid process
B. Condyle
C. Ramus
D. Symphysis
# The initial sign of sexual maturity in boys is usually : (Select 2 answers correct)
A. Fat spurt
B. Development of Adam's Apple
C. Change in voice
D. Appearance of facial hair
# Which of the following undergoes predominantly endochondral ossification ?
A. Maxilla
B. Palate
C. Cranial base
D. Cranial vault
# Remodeling theory of craniofacial growth was given by :
A. Brash
B. John Hunter
C. Vander Klauuw
D. Sicher and Weinmann
# Normal growth of maxilla occurs by :
A. Displacement and drift
B. Drift only
C. Apposition
D. Replacement resorption
# Lip thickness reaches maximum at what age in males ?
A. 16 years
B. 18 years
C. 25 years
D. 13 years
# Cartilage differs from bone in that, cartilage can increase in size by :
A. Apposition
B. Interstitial growth
C. Selective resorption
D. Endosteal remodeling
# In a preadolescent child, the maximum midline diastema that will be closed spontaneously after canine eruption is :
A. 1 mm
B. 2 mm
C. 4 mm
D. 5 mm
# Anterior arch width of the dental arches increases upto the age of :
A. 6 to 8 years
B. 10 to 12 years
C. 12 to 14 years
D. 14 to 16 years