A. deficient or overhanging margins of amalgam restorations
B. erosion and/or abrasion
C. recession
D. root caries
# While sharpening curettes and sickles, the internal angle of ________ must be preserved between the face and lateral surface.
A. 50-60
B. 60-70
C. 70-80
D. 80-90
# In general, hand sharpening of instruments with unmounted stones is preferable to sharpening by motor driven mounted stones because mounted stones:
A. have a finer grain
B. Are less likely to alter the bevel
C. are easier to sterilize
D. wear away less of the instrument surface
# Which part of the instrument should remain parallel (whenever possible) to the long axis of the tooth ?
A. Blade
B. Cutting edge
C. Handle
D. Shank
# The ultrasonic scaler dislodges only calculus that:
A. has been formed recently
B. is already loose
C. is in direct contact with the tip
D. is located in the interproximal space
# Which of the following instruments has a two point contact with the tooth?
A. Hoe
B. Sickle
C. Curette
D. Cumin Scaler
# Which one of the following is not true about ultrasonics?
A. Oscillates between 1500 to 3000 Hz
B. Releases energy known as cavitation
C. Acoustic Streaming
D. Implosion
# A tight grasp by the operator on the explorer will:
A. prevent tactile sensitivity
B. Provide greater maneuverability
C. prevent muscle fatigue of the fingers
D. All of the above
# Sharpening of dental instruments is helpful in increasing efficiency because:
A. reduce slippage and less tissue damage
B. Increase tactile sensation
C. decrease muscle fatigue
D. All of the above
# Arkansas stone is lubricated with light mineral oil to:
A. Prevent heat build up
B. Remove metal particle
C. Prevent it from drying up
D. All of the above
# Furcation is measured by:
A. Naber's probe
B. Fluoride probe
C. Miller's probe
D. CPITN Probe
# When scaling and root planing is done, the primary objective of the procedure is to:
A. cause shrinkage of the gingival tissue
B. Create glass like root surfaces
C. remove all cementum
D. Restore the gingival tissue to health
# Following scaling, a patient notices hard black deposits. This may be due to:
A. shrinkage of gingiva
B. patient is heavy ta drinker
C. poor home care
D. blood clot formation on tooth surface
# The diameter of the tip of the periodontal probe is:
A. 0.25 mm
B. 0.5 mm
C. 0.75 mm
D. 1 mm
# Root planing is done to remove cementum that has been altered in contact with:
A. Exotoxins
B. Endotoxins
C. Granulation tissue
D. Junctional epithelial lining
# The offset angle of Gracey curette between the blade and shank is:
A. 50 degrees
B. 70 degrees
C. 80 degrees
D. 90 degrees
# A dental instrument which creates aerosols containing large number of microorganisms is the:
A. Evacuator
B. Ultrasonic scaler
C. Amalgam condenser
D. Endodontic reamer
# Main aim of root planing is to remove:
A. Necrotic cementum
B. Plaque
C. Calculus
D. All of the above
# Which of the following methods is not an acceptable way to determine instrument sharpness?
A. Evaluation of the cutting edge during scaling procedures
B. Evaluation of light reflection from the cutting edge when observed under magnification
C. Evaluation of the cutting edge against plastic testing stick
D. Evaluation of cutting edge against clinician's finger nails
# Gracey curettes are area specific instruments because:
A. They are only used in the certain areas of United States.
B. They adapt to specific areas of the tooth or root
C. They have more than one angle per cutting edge
D. They are used for root planing
# The pattern of vibration of magnetostrictive type of ultrasonic scaler is:
A. Elliptical
B. Linear
C. Back and forth
D. None
# Instrument used for removal of broken curette tips from the periodontal pocket is:
A. Schwartz periotrievers
B. Barnhart instrument
C. EVA system
D. Prophy-jet
# The finger rest established on tooth surfaces on the opposite side of the same arch is known as:
A. Conventional finger rest
B. Opposite arch finger rest
C. Cross arch finger rest
D. Finger-on-finger rest
# Instrumentation zone in periodontal therapy is:
A. The portion of tooth where calculus or necrotic cementum is found
B. CEJ
C. Exposed root surfaces
D. Deep periodontal pocket
# Gracey curettes have a characteristic feature that:
A. They are used for particular area of surface of the tooth
B. They have double cutting edge
C. They can be used anywhere in oral cavity
D. All of the above
# Dental instrument used with a push motion is:
A. Hoe
B. Chisel
C. Curette
D. Sickle scaler
# Probing depth of a pocket is assessed by:
A. Williams probe
B. Naber's probe
C. DNA probe
D. RNA probe
# The Gracey curette is identified by:
A. Double curved blade
B. Blade at 70 degrees angle in the shank
C. Blade at 30 degrees angle in the shank
D. Both A and B
# The relationship between the working edge of the instrument and the tooth surface is:
A. Angulation
B. Access
C. Adaptation
D. Activation
# The instrument best suited for root planing is:
A. Hoe
B. Scaler
C. File
D. Curette
# Functioning of a pacemaker can be affected by which of the following?
A. Piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler
B. Magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaler
C. Sonic scalers
D. All of the above
# Electronic device is contraindicated in:
A. Pacemakers
B. AIDS
C. TB
D. Asthmatics
# Angulation of a periodontal instrument refers to the:
A. angle between the face of the blade and the shank
B. angle between the shank and the shaft
C. angle between the face of the blade and the tooth surface
D. angle between the shank and the tooth surface
# Kirkland and orban knives are used in:
A. Curettege
B. Gingivectomy
C. Root planing
D. Scaling
# Ultrasonic scaler can be used in:
A. AIDS patients
B. Asthmatics
C. Pacemaker
D. Heavy calculus
# The first instrument used on the facial surfaces of gingiva during gingivectomy is:
A. Orban's knife
B. Kirkland's knife
C. BP blade with no.11 blade
D. BP blade with no 12 blade
# Scaling and root planing is performed:
A. as initial treatment
B. post surgically
C. in only gingival enlargements
D. after only antibiotics
# Which of the following is not an instrument grasp during scaling procedure?
A. Pen grasp
B. Thumb grasp
C. Modified pen grasp
D. Palm and thumb grasp
# Gracey curette no 11-12 are used for:
A. Anterior teeth
B. Posterior teeth mesial
C. Posterior teeth distal
D. Posterior teeth facial and lingual
# Sickle scaler in cross section appears:
A. Round
B. Oval
C. Triangular
D. Half round
# In the conventional finger rest, the finger rest is established on the:
A. Other side fo the same arch
B. Tooth surface immediately adjacent to the working area
C. Opposing arch
D. Index finger or thumb of the non operating hand
# The optimal flow rate of coolant for sonic and ultrasonic subgingival scaling is:
A. 1-11 ml/min
B. 14-23 ml/min
C. 24-32 ml/min
D. 34-40 ml/min
# The term curettage is derived from the word 'curette' which means:
A. to penetrate
B. to cleanse
C. to deviate
D. to enucleate
# The main disadvantage of Florida probe system is:
A. Inconsistent probing force
B. Does not measure extent of plaque
C. Non reproducibility
D. Lack of tactile sensitivity
# The ideal tooth - blade working angulation of a Blade of Gracey Curette is angled from lower shank approximately at:
A. 10-20 degrees
B. 40-50 degrees
C. 60-70 degrees
D. 80-90 degrees
# Scaling stroke should be:
A. Short and powerful pull stroke
B. Moderate to light pull stroke
C. Moderate to light push stroke
D. A long pulling stroke
# The final evaluation of the root surface smoothness after root planing is done by:
A. Probe
B. Explorer
C. Scaler
D. Curettes
# Ideal angle the sharpening stone must form with the face of the blade is:
A. 70-80 degrees
B. 90-100 degrees
C. 100-110 degrees
D. 120-130 degrees