# All are risk factors EXCEPT:
A. Tobacco smoking
B. Microbial tooth deposit
C. Diabetes
D. Bleeding on probing
The correct answer is D. Bleeding on Probing.
Categories of Risk Elements for Periodontal Disease
Risk Factors
Tobacco smoking
Diabetes
Pathogenic bacteria
Microbial tooth deposits
Risk Determinants/Background Characteristics
Genetic factors
Age
Gender
Socioeconomic status
Stress
Risk Indicators
HIV/AIDS
Osteoporosis
Infrequent dental visits
Risk Markers/Predictors
Previous history of periodontal disease
Bleeding on probing
Ref: Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 12th Edition, page 392
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