# Incidence can be best studied by:
A. Cross sectional study
B. Longitudinal study
C. Cohort study
D. Case control study
The correct answer is B. Longitudinal Study.
At the most basic level, epidemiologic study designs are cross-sectional or longitudinal. A cross sectional study is one in which both exposure to risk factors and the health outcomes in a group of people who are, or are assumed to be, a sample of a particular population (a “cross section”) are assessed at the same time. A longitudinal study is one in which the same group of people is studied on two or more occasions so that incidence, the change in a condition over time, can be assessed.
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