The mandibular condyle grows by:

 # The mandibular condyle grows by:

A. Endochondral bone formation

B. Subperiosteal surface addition

C. Interstitial growth

D. Sutural bone growth

The correct answer is A. Endochondral bone formation.

The mandibular condyle is a part of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and it is a specialized growth center. The growth of the mandibular condyle occurs through endochondral bone formation, which involves the transformation of cartilage into bone tissue. This process is regulated by various factors such as growth hormones, growth factors, and mechanical stimuli. The endochondral bone formation process is essential for the development and growth of many bones in the body, including the long bones of the limbs and the mandible.

Reference: Proffit, W. R., Fields, H. W. Jr, & Sarver, D. M. (2013). Contemporary Orthodontics. (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier. Chapter 4: Growth of the Face and the Jaws.