Acute arthritis of the great (big) toe is a diagnostic sign

# Acute arthritis of the great (big) toe is a diagnostic sign of which of the following diseases?
A. Osteoarthritis
B. Osteomyelitis
C. Gout
D. Osteoporosis
E. Rheumatoid arthritis

The correct answer is C. Gout. 

The acute arthritis of the big toe is a

pathognomonic sign of Podagra or Gout.

What distinguishes Gout from others is that,

it usually occurs in one of the joints in the

body, however, about 50% are said to occur

in the big toe. This disease is also referred

to as "disease of the kings" or "the rich

man's disease".

Chemotherapy for Leukemia

# A patient receiving chemotherapy for leukemia is highly susceptible to develop which oral infection?
A. Candidiasis
B. Actinomycosis
C Histoplasmosis
D. Coccidioidomycosis
E. Blastomycosis

The correct answer is A. Candidiasis. 

Immunocompromised patients are more susceptible to candidiasis, the fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. A patient with leukemia has lower than normal functioning leukocytes. This, coupled with chemotherapy which aims to

reduce the number of abnormal leukocytees, leaves the patient in a very

immunosuppressed state. 

Other examples of cases where a patient

would be susceptible to candidiasis include

patients taking antibiotics for a extended

periods or patients infected with HIV.

Bacterial Descriptor conflicts with another one

# Which one of these bacterial descriptors conflict with the other five?
A. Gram positive
B. Proteobacteria
C. Gram negative
E. Thin peptidoglycan 

D. Pink in a Gram stain 

The correct answer is A. Gram positive. 

Proteobacteria, a pink Gram result, an outer

membrane, and thin peptidoglycan are all

characteristic of Gram NEGATIVE bacteria

such as E. coli.

Note: This question has conflicting

answers regarding gram positive and gram

negative characteristics. 

Nerve running along the nasal septum

 # Which of the following nerves runs along the nasal septum?
A. Nasopalatine
B. Greater palatine
C. Pharyngeal
D. Posterolateral nasal

The correct answer is A. Nasopalatine.

Nasopalatine nerve 

-Exits Pterygopalatine fossa through Sphenopalatine foramen which takes it into the nasal cavity.
- Runs anterior-inferiorly along the nasal septum.
- Passes through incisive foramen of maxilla to reach the anterior hard palate.

The nasopalatine nerve supplies the posterior part of the nasal septum.

The anterior ethmoidal nerve, a branch of V1, supplies the anterior part of the nasal septum.

The flexible part of the nasal septum by the nostril opening is supplied by the nasal branch of the infraorbital nerve.