Mnemonics - Types of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)

There are nine different types of  Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC) based on their application. We should know which particular type of GIC we are supposed to use for what purpose. The different types of GIC are:

Type I – Luting
Type II - Restorative
Type III - Base / Liner
Type IV – Pit and Fissure Sealants
Type V – Luting for Orthodontic purposes
Type VI – Core Buildup material
Type VII – High Fluoride releasing command set
Type VIII – (ART) Atraumatic restorative treatment
Type IX – Pediatric Glass Ionomer Cement


This can easily be memorized by the Mnemonics : @ Little Rest Between Fussy Orthodontic Classes Flourishes ARTistic Children.

Type I – Luting
Type II - Restorative
Type III - Base / Liner
Type IV – Pit and Fissure Sealants
Type V – Luting for Orthodontic purposes
Type VI – Core Buildup material
Type VII – High Fluoride releasing command set
Type VIII – (ART) Atraumatic restorative treatment
Type IX – Pediatric Glass Ionomer Cement

MCQs on Odontogenic Infections - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

# Trismus associated with infection of lateral pharyngeal space is related to irritation of the:
A. Buccinator
B. Masseter
C. Lateral pterygoid
D. Medial pterygoid

# Garre's osteomyelitis is:
A. Chronic focal sclerosis and non suppurative osteomyelitis
B. Chronic focal sclerosis and suppurative osteomyelitis
C. Characterized by suppuration and acute pain
D. Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis

MCQs in Prosthodontics - Major and Minor Connectors - Removable Partial Dentures

# Which of the following is not a mandibular major connector?
A. Lingual plate
B. Lingual bar
C. Lingual arch
D. Labial bar

# The function of minor connector is:
A. Connects major connector to all the components of RPD
B. Prevents gingival displacement of the RPD
C. Allows a single path of placement of the RPD
D. It is that unit of RPD to which all other parts are directly or indirectly attached

MCQs on Local and General Anesthetic Agents - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

# Which of the following local anesthetic agent would be preferred in prolonged surgical procedure?
A. Bupivacaine
B. Cocaine
C. Lignocaine
D. Prilocaine

# Which of the following is not a theory for local anesthetic action?
A. Membrane expansion theory
B. Calcium displacement theory
C. Electrical potential theory
D. Specific receptor theory
E. None of the above

Equality, Justice and Equity - World Bioethics Day 2017 Theme Essay Competition - First Position

Equality, Justice and Equity

The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal. 

(Aristotle)

Justice cannot be for one side alone but must be for both. 

(Eleanor Roosevelt)

Ethics and equity and the principles of justice do not change with the calendar.

 (DH Lawrence)

The genesis of equality and equity as a concept of social justice arose from a history of evolving philosophies of societal organization and distribution of human rights, responsibilities and services.  The principles of equity and equality are always relevant in the context of distributive justice as well as variety of social justice issues. These principles all appeal the idea that fair treatment is a matter of giving people what they deserve. In general, people deserve to be rewarded for their effort and productivity, punished for their transgressions, treated as equal persons, and have their basic needs met. However, because these principles may come into conflict, it is often difficult to achieve these goals simultaneously. The central theories underlying the equity paradigm follow, providing a theoretical background for the concept of equality and justice and its relevance in today’s highly unequal world.

MCQs on Oral Pathology - Tongue Disorders

# A blue nodular mass on the lateral border of the tongue is soft, smooth and blanches upon pressure. It is most likely to be:
A. Lymphoma
B. Hemangioma
C. Epulis Fissuratum
D. Epithelioma

# Leutic glossitis can occur in connection with:
A. Vitamin B deficiency
B. Vitamin C deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Syphilis

MBBS / BDS Medical Entrance Examination - Endocrine System MCQs

# Cretinism or dwarfism is caused due to hyposecretion of:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Thyroid gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Thymus gland

# Islet of Langherhans is a part of:
A. Ductless part of Pancreas
B. Exocrine part of Pancreas
C. Gonads
D. Pituitary