Major risk factor for arterial thrombosis

# The major risk factor for arterial thrombosis is ?
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Hyperhomocysteinemia
C. Dysfibrinogenemia
D. Hormonal therapy

The correct answer is: A. Atherosclerosis. 

The major risk factor for arterial thrombosis is atherosclerosis. Risk factors for venous thrombosis

are immobility, surgery, underlying medical conditions, malignancy, hormonal therapy, obesity,

and genetic predispositions.

Epistaxis is the most common symptom in

# Epistaxis is the most common symptom in ?
A. Hemophilia A
B. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
C. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
D. Cushing’s syndrome

The correct answer is C. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Epistaxis is the most common symptom in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia & in boys with Von Willebrand Disease.

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 460

Poikilocytosis

# Poikilocytosis is related to which feature of RBC ?
A. Size
B. Shape
C. Number
D. Colour

The correct answer is: B. Shape.

Variations in red cell shape is called poikilocytosis. Poikilocytosis suggests a defect in the
maturation of red cell precursors in bone marrow or fragmentation of circulating red cells.

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 450

Anisocytosis

# Anisocytosis is related to which feature of RBC ?
A. Size
B. Shape
C. Number
D. Colour

The correct answer is A. Size.

Variations in red cell size is called anisocytosis.

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 450

Palmar creases are lighter - Low Hemoglobin

# If palmar creases are lighter in color than surrounding skin, hemoglobin level is usually ?
A. < 10 g/dL
B. < 8 g/dL
C. < 6 g/dL
D. < 4 g/dL

The correct answer is B. < 8g/dL.

If the palmar creases are lighter in color than the surrounding skin with hyperextended hand,

the hemoglobin level is usually < 8 g/dL.  

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 449

Erythropoietin is produced by

# Erythropoietin is produced and released by ?
A. Glomerular capillaries
B. Proximal tubular cells
C. Peritubular capillary lining cells of kidney
D. All of the above

The correct answer is C. Peritubular capillary lining cells of kidney.

Physiologic regulator of RBC production, glycoprotein hormone EPO, is produced & released by
highly specialized epithelial-like peritubular capillary lining cells within kidney.

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 448

Role of Erythropoietin

# In the absence of erythropoietin (EPO), committed erythroid progenitor cells undergo ?
A. Stunted growth
B. Halting of growth
C. Programmed cell death (apoptosis)
D. Change to other series of hematopoietic cell

The correct answer is C. Programmed cell death (apoptosis).

For RBC production, EPO is the regulatory hormone. It is required for maintenance of committed

erythroid progenitor cells which undergoes programmed cell death (apoptosis) if EPO is absent.

Ref: Harrison’s 18th Ed. 448