Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

 # Danger layer of scalp is: A. Periosteum B. Connective tissue C. Loose areolar tissue D. Aponeurosis The correct answer is C. Loose areolar tissue. Danger area of scalp: - Loose areolar tissue contains the emissary veins and is termed as dangerous area of scalp because it allows spread of infection even, by the way of emissary veins, to cavernous sinus. CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

# Remineralization of tooth surface is associated with which component of saliva? A. Amylase B. Statherin C. Crystatins D. Streapsinase The correct answer is B. Statherin Two of the families of small salivary proteins histadine and statherin help control the status of calcium and phosphorus in the saliva. CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # Hypercalcemia occurs in which type of lung cancer? a) Oat cell b) Giant cell c) Squamous cell d) Alveolar cell The correct answer is C. Squamous cell carcinoma. - Non metastatic  extrapulmonary manifestations of lung cancers include metabolic, endocrine neurological and vascular and hematological and skeletal features.  - Endocrine (10%) (usually small cell carcinoma), ectopic adrenocorticotrophin syndrome, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), Hypercalcemia (Usually squamous cell carcinoma). CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs.

# Most common periodontal disease is: A. Gingivitis B. Periodontitis C. Gingival hypertrophy D. Juvenile periodontitis    # Gingivitis is initiated most frequently by: A. Occlusal trauma B. Systemic factors C. Local irritating factors D. Hormonal defects

 # Which of the following conditions if not treated properly may lead to Noma? A. Diphtheria B. Herpangina C. Herpetic gingivostomatitis D. ANUG The correct answer is D. ANUG Clinical course of ANUG (Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis)  is indefinite. If untreated, NUG (Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis) may lead to NUP (Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis) with a progressive destruction of the periodontium and denudation of roots, accompanied by an increase in severity of toxic systemic complication.  Horning and Cohen Staging of Oral Necrotizing Diseases Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis --> Periodontitis --> Stomatitis -->Noma Stage 1: Necrosis of the tip of interdental papilla Stage 2: Necrosis of entire interdental papilla or marginal gingiva or attached gingiva Stage 3: Necrosis extending to gingival margin Stage 4: Necrosis extending also to attached gingiva Stage 5: Necrosis extending into buccal or labial mucosa Stage 6: Necrosis exposing alveolar ...

 # Drug of choice in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a) Pentamidine b) Zidovudine c) Ciprofloxacin d) Cotrimoxazole The correct answer is D. Cotrimoxazole. Legionnaire's pneumonia -Pneumonia in association with high fever, confusion and diarrhea suggests Cotrimoxazole, Clindamycin - Drug of choice for atypical pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carini Clarithromycin, Flucloxacillin - Drug of choice for community acquired pneumonia Gram negative bacilli - Most common micro organisms isolated from the patients with nosocomial pneumonias Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, pneumocystis carinii and viral infections  -Causes of atypical pneumonia Streptococcus pneumonia (or) Pneumococcus pneumonia - Most common cause of community acquired pneumonia is Doxycycline, Erythromycin - Drugs used for treatment of atypical pneumonia caused by Chlamydia Erythromycin, Clarithromycin - Drug of choice for atypical pneumonia caused by mycoplasma CLICK HERE FOR MORE MCQs

 # Cyanosis is seen if: a) Meth Hb 1.5gm% b) Sulf Hb 0.5gm% c) Reduced Hb 5gm% d) All of the above The correct answer is D. All of the above. Types of cyanosis - Central  - Peripheral - Cyanosis due to abnormal pigments (methemoglobin, sulfhemoglobin) - Mixed CENTRAL CYANOSIS Mechanism : Diminished arterial oxygen saturation Sites : On skin & mucous membranes Eg.: Tongue, lips, cheeks Temperature of the Limb Warm PERIPHERAL CYANOSIS Mechanism : Diminished flow of blood to the local part Sites : On skin only Temperature of the Limb Cold