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KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY, BDS Final Year, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics 25th Aug 2021 Past Questions

 KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
University Examination
August/ September 2021

Level: BDS                                                                         Subject: Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
Exam: Final BDS (New course)

Time: 2 hrs. 30 minutes                                                                                              Full Marks: 50 marks
Date August 25, 2021

INSTRUCTION TO THE CANDIDATE
  • Answer each section in a separate answer book
  • Write brief, relevant and legible answers
  • Illustrate your answer with well labelled diagrams wherever required.
  • All questions are compulsory.
Section ' B' 
[25 marks]
1. Define dentin hypersensitivity. Explain in detail the causes and treatments of dentin hypersensitivity.[1+2+2=5]
2. A 27-years-old female patient reported to the Department of Conservative Dentistry with chief complaint of sensitivity of upper left back tooth. The teeth were free from caries. There was a sharp notch on the cervical region of 24. Further clinical examination revealed abnormal occlusal inter relation between the maxillary and mandibular teeth [1 + 2 + 3 = 6]
- What is the Diagnosis?
- Write the mechanisms of formation of such lesions.
- Write about considerations for restorative management of non-carious lesions.

3 What are the various methods of isolation? Write down the perceived advantages and disadvantages of Rubber dam in isolation. [2 + 3 = 5]

4 Write short notes on: [3*3=9]
a Role of Remaining Dentin thickness in restorative procedures
b. Tertiary dentin
c. Retraction cords

Section " C"
[25 marks]
5. A patient came with serve pain and mobility of his lower first molar since few days. The patient had a history of pain a few years back for which root canal treatment was initiated but discontinued after the first visit. IOPA radiograph shows coronal radiolucency continuous with pulp chamber and periapical radiolucency too. 
A. Classify periapical diseases. [3]
B. What is your periapical diagnosis for above condition? [1]
C. Write the treatment plan.[2]

6. Define and classify tooth luxation. Write in detail about extrusive luxation injuries. [1 + 1 + 3 = 5]

7. Classify obturation techniques. Write in detail about cold lateral compaction technique. Write its limitations.  [1 + 4 + 1 = 5]

8. Write short note on: [3x3 = 9] 
a. Internal Resorption.
b. Goals of access cavity preparation.
c. Root canal working width

THE END



Ethical principle that require health professionals to fully inform their patients and protect their confidentiality

 # Ethical principle that require health professionals to fully inform their patients and protect their confidentiality is the principle of:
A. Justice
B. Autonomy
C. Veracity
D. Beneficence



The correct answer is B. Autonomy. 

The 4 main ethical principles, that is beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, are defined and explained. Informed consent, truth-telling, and confidentiality spring from the principle of autonomy. 

Oral hygiene was first practiced by:

 # Oral hygiene was first practiced by:
A. Chinese
B. Estruscans
C. Sumerians
D. Sushruta



The correct answer is C. Sumerians.

Sumerians practiced oral hygiene as early as 3000 B.C. using gold toothpicks. The chinese used chewstick as a tooth pick and toothbrush to clean and massage gingival tissues. 

Charaka Samhita stressed on tooth brushing- the stick for tooth brushing should be bitter, pungent or astringent. One of its end should be chewed in the form of a brush and should be used twice daily without injuring gums. Neem chewsticks are still used today The small wooden stick used by Arabs, the end of which was often chewed, the wood fibers being used as a brush - called Siwak or Miswak.


The term ‘secular trend’ implies:

 # The term ‘secular trend’ implies:
A. Being liberal minded in diagnosing
B. Cold professional attitude
C. Changes in occurrence over a long period of time
D. Migration from rural areas



The correct answer is C. Changes in occurrence over a long period of time.

Long term or secular trends refers to changes in disease frequency that occurs gradually over long periods of time. Oral cancer is an example of disease which has shown a consistent upward trend during the past years, whereas diseases like tuberculosis, typhoid, polio and diphtheria have shown a downward trend. 

Clinical wastes in hospitals are to be disposed of in which colored bags?

 # Clinical wastes in hospitals are to be disposed of in which colored bags?
A. Yellow
B. Black
C. Green
D. Red



The correct answer is A. Yellow.

Clinical wastes are disposed of in yellow bags and non clinical wastes are disposed of in black bags. Incinerators are used to burn all the combustibles at temperatures of 1300-1500 degree Centigrade. 

Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of the following salts of calcium and magnesium:

 # Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of the following salts of calcium and magnesium:
A. Bicarbonates
B. Sulphates
C. Chlorides
D. Nitrates



The correct answer is A. Bicarbonates.

Temporary hardness of water is due to calcium and magnesium bicarbonates while permanent hardness is due to calcium and magnesium sulphates, chlorides and nitrates. 


Waste water from kitchen is called:

 # Waste water from kitchen is called:
A. Sullage
B. Sewage
C. Garbage
D. Kitchen water



The correct answer is A. Sullage.

Garbage means discarded vegetable matter from the kitchen, canteens, etc.
Sullage refers to the fluid waste from a kitchen unmixed with excrements. 
Water sewage refers to waste water from household, industries, etc. containing human excreta. 
Refuse is all the solid and semisolid waste matters of a community EXCEPT excrements.