Which one of the following is not a valid indication for apicoectomy?

 # Which one of the following is not a valid indication for apicoectomy?

A. Broken instrument in the apical third of the canal

B. Presence of a fistula

C. Perforation in apical third

D. Periapically involved teeth in patients with insufficient time for conventional endodontic treatment

The correct answer is D. Periapically involved teeth in patients with insufficient time for conventional endodontic treatment

Valid Indications for which apicoectomy can be considered are:

- Failure of nonsurgical endodontic treatment

- Failure of previous surgery

- Anatomical problems: non-negotiable or blocked canal, or severe root curvature

- Iatrogenic errors: ledging of canals, blockage from debris, separated instruments, overfilling of canals leading to foreign body reaction, and apical canal transportation

- Horizontal apical root fracture

- Exploratory surgery and biopsy: in teeth where a fracture is suspected or in teeth with vital pulp with a radicular radiolucency

- Periodontal considerations: Hemisection and radisection are planned in cases where the periodontal support of one of the roots goes beyond repair.

Reference: GROSSMAN’S ENDODONTIC PRACTICE 14TH EDITION, Page NO: 426

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AIIMS November 2013 MDS Entrance exam MCQs

# Cavernous sinus thrombosis is due to infection of:
A. Pterygoid plexus
B. Submental space
C. Maxillary sinus
D. Submandibular space

# Tributaries of cavernous sinus include all except:
A. Superior petrosal sinus
B. Inferior petrosal sinus
C. Superior middle cerebral vein
D. Deep middle cerebral vein

AIIMS NOV 2012 MDS Past Entrance Exam MCQs - Dental MCQs

# Paralysis of cranial root of accessory nerve affects all except:
A. Cricopharyngeus
B. Salpingopharyngeus
C. Palatopharyngeus
D. Stylopharyngeus

# Direct and consensual light reflex is lost in which nerve palsy:
A. Trigeminal
B. Oculomotor
C. Optic
D. Trochlear

True regarding blood pressure is:

 # True regarding blood pressure is:

A. Diastolic BP is a more potent cardiovascular risk factor than is systolic BP until age 50

B. Systolic BP is a more potent cardiovascular risk factor   than is systolic BP until age 50

C.  Isolated Systolic hypertension most commonly is seen before age 50

D. Diastolic BP continues to rise throughout life

The correct answer is A. Diastolic BP is a more potent cardiovascular risk factor than is systolic BP until age 50.

The prevalence increases with aging, such that more than 65% of Americans aged 60 years and older have hypertension. If people live long enough, more than 90% will develop hypertension. Of note, systolic BP continues to rise throughout life, but diastolic BP rises until around age 50 years and then levels off or falls; as a result, after the age of 50, isolated systolic hypertension becomes the more prevalent pattern. In one study, isolated systolic hypertension was identified in 87% of inadequately controlled patients older than 60 years of age. Isolated diastolic hypertension most commonly is seen before age 50 years. Diastolic BP is a more potent cardiovascular risk factor than is systolic BP until age 50; thereafter, systolic BP is more important.

Reference: Little and Falace's Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 9th Edition, Page no. 39

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Asymptomatic irritational fibroma should be treated by:

 # Asymptomatic irritational fibroma should be treated by:

A. Simple excision

B. Block resection

C. Radiation therapy

D. No treatment indicated

The correct answer is A. Simple excision.

The treatment for the fibroma, or focal inflammatory hyperplasia as the case may be, is conservative surgical excision. Seldom does the lesion recurs.

Reference: Shafer’s Textbook of ORAL PATHOLOGY, 7th Edition, Page No: 132

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Surface of an oral squamous cell carcinoma

 # The surface of an oral squamous cell carcinoma will usually feel to the touch:

A. Smooth

B. Fluctuant

C. Slimy

D. Rough

The correct answer is D. Rough.

Clinically, almost all oral cancers, except those in the earliest stages have two very characteristic features in the form of ulceration and an indurated margin. In different sites; however, there are certain variations.

Reference: Shafer’s Textbook of ORAL PATHOLOGY, 7th Edition, Page No:  108

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A smooth red tongue may be seen in all of the following except:

 # A smooth red tongue may be seen in all of the following except:

A. Vitamin K deficiency

B. Folic acid deficiency

C. Iron deficiency anemia

D. Vitamin  B12 deficiency

The correct answer is A. Vitamin K deficiency.

While an iron-deficiency anemia may occur at any age, the Plummer-Vinson syndrome occurs chiefly in women in the fourth and fifth decades of life. Presenting symptoms of the anemia and the syndrome are cracks or fissures at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis), a lemon-tinted pallor of the skin, a smooth, red, painful tongue (glossitis) with atrophy of the filiform and later the fungiform papillae, and dysphagia limited to solid food resulting from an esophageal stricture or web. These oral findings are reminiscent of those seen in pernicious anemia.

Reference: Shafer’s Textbook of ORAL PATHOLOGY, 7th Edition, Page No: 772

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