Dentosphere : World of Dentistry

 # Open ended lined cones reduce: A. Intensity of scattered radiation B. Intensity of primary radiation C. Level of scattered radiation D. All of the above The correct answer is C. Level of scattered radiation. The position-indicating device (PID), or cone, appears as an extension of the x-ray tubehead and is used to direct the x-ray beam. Three basic types of PIDs are currently used: (1) conical, (2) rectangular, and (3) round. The conical PID appears as a closed, pointed plastic cone. When x-rays exit from the pointed cone, they penetrate the plastic and produce scatter radiation. To eliminate cone-produced scatter radiation, the conical PID is no longer used in dentistry. Open-ended, lead-lined rectangular or round PIDs limit the occurrence of scatter radiation. Both rectangular and round PIDs are typically available in two lengths: short (8-inch) long (16-inch). The long PID is preferred because less divergence of the x-ray beam occurs. Of the three types of PID, the rectangula...

 # Which one is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait? A. Lichen planus B. Bullous Pemphigoid C. Pemphigus vulgaris D. White sponge nevus The correct answer is D. White sponge nevus. Familial white folded dysplasia is a relatively uncommon condition of the oral mucosa described by Cannon in 1935. The disease appears to follow a hereditary pattern as an autosomal dominant trait but with irregular penetrance and no definite sex predilection. Reference: Shafer's textbook of oral pathology

 # Which of the following side effects is seen commonly with the administration of nitrous dioxide and oxygen? A. Hallucinations and dreams B. Tachycardia C. Tremors D. Nausea The correct answer is D. Nausea. Nitrous oxide: ■ “Laughing gas.” ■ Minimum 30% O2 delivery. ■ Potent analgesic. ■ Weak general anesthetic. ■ No biotransformation. ■ Side effects: Headaches, nausea/vomiting, lethargy, and diffusion hypoxia. Reference: First Aid for NBDE Part 2, 2008, Page no 92

# Severe pain which arise after injury to or sectioning of a peripheral sensory nerve is called as: A. Temporal arteritis B. Neuralgia C. Neuritis D. Causalgia # The latest drug of the choice in the management in trigeminal neuralgia is: A. valproic acid B. carbamazepine C. Diphenyl hydantoin D. None of the above # Facial paralysis is tested by: A. Whistling B. chewing C. Protruding the tongue D. Swallowing # Which of the following structures are associated with bells palsy: A. sub mandibular gland B. Seventh cranial nerve C. Temporomandibular joint D. Glosso-pharyngeal nerve # Geniculate neuralgia is caused in the nerve: A. VII B. IX C. X D. II # All of the following are true about trigeminal neuralgia EXCEPT: A. it is unilateral B. it is of throbbing nature C. it is triggered by touching cheeks, mucosa etc D. occurs in bouts # Trotter’s syndrome involves: A. Pharynx B. Oropharynx C. Larynx D. Nasopharynx # “Fothergill’s disease” is one of the synonyms of: A. Sarcoidosis B. Multiple s...

Dental management of Medical compromised patient _ Hyperventilation Dental Management of Hyperventilation Hyperventilation is an increase in the rate or depth of breathing that results in a change in the blood chemistry and usually occurs as a result of anxiety. The dental office is an anxious setting for most people, which is why hyperventilation is a very common emergency seen there. The most common cause of hyperventilation is anxiety . Although not as common, hyperventilation also may be caused by certain physical conditions , emotional upset , or stress . Children usually cry or scream when frightened, which expresses their fears and prevents hyperventilation from occurring. Carbon dioxide in the blood automatically triggers the breathing reflex and stimulates respiration. In this way it helps control the breathing process automatically. A person who begins to hyperventilate increases the depth and rate of respirations much like an athlete who has performed strenuous exerc...

Dental management of Medically compromised patient _ Asthma Dental Management of Asthmatic Patient Asthma is a respiratory disease that causes reversible airway obstruction and a reduced ability to expire or completely empty the lungs of gases. Inflammation is a component of the disease process and results in increased mucous secretions in the lungs and swelling in the bronchioles. Clinical Manifestations include: 1. Cough 2. Shortness of breath 3. Chest tightness 4. Wheezing. 5. Increased heart rate 6. Nervousness 7. Sweating The most common form, called extrinsic asthma , develops as a result of allergy to environmental pollutants. It generally occurs during childhood and may or may not extend into adult years. A second type of asthma is intrinsic asthma , or infectious asthma, is A non-allergic form of asthma usually first occurring later in life that tends to be chronic and persistent rather than episodic , most often seen in patients older than age 35. Unlike the extrinsic asthma...

# A straight elevator is properly used to advantage when the: A. Adjacent tooth is the fulcrum B. Tooth is isolated C. Interdental bone is fulcrum D. Adjacent tooth is not to be extracted # Most of the elevators used in exodontias works on the principle A. Class I lever B. Class II lever C. Class III lever D. Wheel and axle