Punched out, crater-like depressions at the crest of the gingiva

 # Punched out, crater-like depressions at the crest of the gingiva, covered by gray pseudomembranous slough, which is demarcated from the rest of the
gingiva by linear erythema, are characteristic of:

A. Desquamative gingivitis

B. Erythema multiforme

C. Lichen planus

D. Vincent’s stomatitis

The correct answer is D. Vincent's stomatitis.

Vincent's stomatitis is also known as ANUG/Vincent's infection/ Trench mouth/ Fetid stomatitis/ Putrid stomatitis.

It is characterized by punched out, crater like depressions at the crest of the interdental papillae that subsequently extend to the marginal gingiva and rarely to the attached gingiva and oral mucosa. 

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Which premolar resembles a canine?

 # Which premolar resembles a canine?

A. Maxillary first premolar

B. Mandibular first premolar

C. Maxillary second premolar

D. Mandibular second premolar

The correct answer is B. Mandibular first premolar.

Mandibular 1st premolar resembles canine from buccal aspect and it has almost rudimentary lingual cusp which further makes it canine alike.

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Which primary tooth does not resemble successor?

 # Which primary tooth does not resemble successor?

A. Incisors

B. Canines

C. Maxillary first molar

D. Mandibular first molar

E. Mandibular second molar

The correct answer is D. Mandibular first molar.

Molars have premolars as successors. Primary Maxillary 1st molar resembles permanent premolars. Primary Maxillary and Mandibular 2nd molar resemble permanent 1st molars. Primary mandibular 1st molar does not resemble any of the permanent teeth. 

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Resorbability of the roots of primary dentition is explained by:

 # Resorbability of the roots of primary dentition is explained by:

A. Genetically determined

B. Pressure applied by successors

C. Both A and B

D. None

The correct answer is C. Both A and B.

Resorbability of the roots depends on both the above factors.

If there is no successor of primary tooth then it function as a permanent tooth and its root does nor resorb which indicates that its dependency on pressure applied by successor. It also depends on the genetic factors.

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Occlusal fossa of the primary crown is:

 # Occlusal fossa of the primary crown is:

A. Shallower than the permanent

B. Deeper than the permanent

C. Same as permanent

D. Any of the A or B

The correct answer is A. Shallower than the permanent.

Since the thickness of the covering of pulp (enamel and dentin) is less in primary crown, the fossa is shallower as compared to permanent crown.

Pulp chamber is larger in relation to crown size in primary teeth as compared to permanent teeth.

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By what maximum age should the first teeth erupt?

 # Normally, by what maximum age should the first teeth erupt?

A. 10 to 11 months

B. 6 to 8 months

C. 14 to 16 months

D. None of the above

The correct answer is A. 10 to 11 months.

In primary dentition, the variation of eruption has a range of 4-5 months. Since the first tooth erupts at an age of six months, a variation of 4-5 months can be considered normal. 

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Which primary tooth has the longest duration of function?

 # Which primary tooth has the longest duration of function?

A. Mandibular canine

B. Maxillary canine

C. Mandibular second molar

D. Maxillary second molar

The correct answer is B. Maxillary canine.

Deciduous maxillary canine has the longest duration of function and is the last tooth to shed off owing to its long root.

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