Laboratory test of ANUG is:

 # Laboratory test of ANUG is:

A. Complement fixation

B. Dark field examination

C. Tissue culture

D. Animal inoculation

The correct answer is B. Dark field examination.

- Dark field microscopy is used to examine live microorganisms that are invisible in ordinary light and cannot be stained by ordinary methods.

- It is used to study the motility in case of spirochetes.

- In ANUG, dark field microscopy, helps in visualizing the spirochetal and treponemal organisms. 

- Silver impregnation technique and dark field microscopy are done to visualize spirochetes during laboratory examination.

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Symptoms of ANUG are:

 # Symptoms of ANUG are:

A. Lesions are sensitive to touch

B. Metallic foul taste

C. Radiating pain

D. All of the above

The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Symptoms of ANUG are:

- Lesions are extremely sensitive to touch.

- Patient complains of constant radiating pain that is intensified by eating spicy and hot food. Metallic foul taste is present. Excessive pasty saliva is characteristic. 

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Pseudomembrane can be seen in:

 # Pseudomembrane can be seen in:

A. ANUG 

B. Diphtheria

C. Candidiasis

D. Syphilis

E. All of the above

The correct answer is E. All of the above

Pseudomembrane in oral cavity is composed of fibrin and necrotic cells. It is formed in various diseases such as ANUG, Erythema multiforme,Aphthous ulcer, Pemphigus vulgaris, Syphilis, Diphtheria, Candidiasis, and in gingival enlargement with Vitamin C deficiency.

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TRUE about ANUG is:

 # TRUE about ANUG is:

A. ANUG is a transmissible condition

B. ANUG is a communicable disease

C. ANUG is a contagious disease

D. All of the above

The correct answer is A. ANUG is a transmissible condition

The term 'transmissible' denotes a capacity for the maintenance of an infectious agent in successive passages through a susceptible animal host. The term 'communicable' signifies a capacity for the maintenance of infection by natural modes of spread such as direct contact through drinking water, food and eating utensils; by the airborne route; or by arthropod vectors. The disease that is communicable is described as contagious.

It has been demonstrated that disease associated with the fusospirochetal bacterial complex is transmissible; however it is not communicable or contagious. 

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Punched out, crater-like depressions at the crest of the gingiva

 # Punched out, crater-like depressions at the crest of the gingiva, covered by gray pseudomembranous slough, which is demarcated from the rest of the
gingiva by linear erythema, are characteristic of:

A. Desquamative gingivitis

B. Erythema multiforme

C. Lichen planus

D. Vincent’s stomatitis

The correct answer is D. Vincent's stomatitis.

Vincent's stomatitis is also known as ANUG/Vincent's infection/ Trench mouth/ Fetid stomatitis/ Putrid stomatitis.

It is characterized by punched out, crater like depressions at the crest of the interdental papillae that subsequently extend to the marginal gingiva and rarely to the attached gingiva and oral mucosa. 

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Which premolar resembles a canine?

 # Which premolar resembles a canine?

A. Maxillary first premolar

B. Mandibular first premolar

C. Maxillary second premolar

D. Mandibular second premolar

The correct answer is B. Mandibular first premolar.

Mandibular 1st premolar resembles canine from buccal aspect and it has almost rudimentary lingual cusp which further makes it canine alike.

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Which primary tooth does not resemble successor?

 # Which primary tooth does not resemble successor?

A. Incisors

B. Canines

C. Maxillary first molar

D. Mandibular first molar

E. Mandibular second molar

The correct answer is D. Mandibular first molar.

Molars have premolars as successors. Primary Maxillary 1st molar resembles permanent premolars. Primary Maxillary and Mandibular 2nd molar resemble permanent 1st molars. Primary mandibular 1st molar does not resemble any of the permanent teeth. 

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