Which is the only inorganic general anesthetic in use?

 # Which is the only inorganic general anesthetic in use? 

a. Ether. 

b. Chloroform. 

c. Nitrous oxide. 

d. Cyclopropane. 

The correct answer is C. Nitrous oxide.

It is a colourless, odourless, heavier than air, noninflammable gas supplied under pressure in steel cylinders. It is nonirritating, but low potency anaesthetic; unconsciousness cannot be produced in all individuals without concomitant hypoxia; MAC is 105% implying that even pure N2O cannot produce adequate anaesthesia at 1 atmosphere pressure. Patients maintained on 70% N2O + 30% O2 along with muscle relaxants often recall the events during anaesthesia, but some lose awareness completely.

Smile Inn dental clinic, Pulchowk, lalitpur

 Name of Dental Clinic: Smile Inn dental clinic

Address (Full): Pulchowk, lalitpur

Year of Establishment: 2017

Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Avinesh shrestha

CONTACT NUMBER: 9841232892

NMC Number of Dental Surgeon: 14998

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Indian Dentists Act was formulated in:

 # Indian Dentists Act was formulated in: 

A. 1942

B. 1947

C. 1948

D. 1949

The correct answer is C. 1948.

Dentist act of India was introduced on 29th March 1948. 

Which is NOT a requirement for a local anesthetic drug?

 # Which is NOT a requirement for a local anesthetic drug? 

A. Lipid solubility. 

B. Water solubility. 

C. Precipitate in interstitial fluid. 

D. Depression of nerve conduction. 

The correct answer is C. Precipitate in interstitial fluid.

Local anesthetics must be lipid soluble in order for the drug to cross various barriers in the tissue. Local anesthetics must be water soluble to prevent the drug from precipitating when exposed to interstitial fluids. Local anesthetics must NOT precipitate in interstitial fluid because then they would be ineffective as anesthetics. A local anesthetic’s intended purpose is to block pain; therefore, it must depress nerve conduction.

Components of Acquired Enamel Pellicle

 # Which of the following is a component that is not present in the acquired enamel pellicle? 

A. Glucan. 

B. Proline-rich peptides. 

C. Glucosyltransferases. 

D. Enolase. 

The correct answer is D. Enolase.

Bacterial components such as glucosyltransferases and glucan can be detected in pellicle. Proline-rich peptides can be found in the acquired enamel pellicle. Bacterial components such as glucosyltransferases and glucan can be detected in pellicle. Enolase is an intracellular enzyme found in oral bacteria, but is not a major component of the acquired pellicle.

Etching time is more in primary teeth than permanent teeth due to:

 # Etching time is more in primary teeth than permanent teeth due to:

A. Irregular placed enamel rods

B. Aprismatic enamel

C. More inorganic matrix

D. More amount of water

The correct answer is B. Aprismatic enamel.

Deciduous teeth have an outer layer of aprismatic or prismless enamel. They require a longer etching time. Earlier it was advocated 120s, but now reduced to 60 s and more recently to 30s for bonding of pit and fissure sealants and orthodontic brackets. A significant research in this field made it clear that very long etching periods did not improve the bond strengths of the currently available adhesives. 

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What is Geristore in Dentistry?

 # What is Geristore in Dentistry?

A. Rapid setting resin ionomer, has the capacity to bond with the tooth

B. ZOE based sealer

C. Obturating material specifically for deciduous tooth

D. Is a bioceramic

The correct answer is A. Rapid setting resin ionomer, has the capacity to bond with the tooth

Geristore: 

• Geristore is a dual-cure, self-adhesive, resin glass ionomer formula that contains fluoride. It is a rapid setting resin ionomer (making it very suitable for repairing perforations when compared to MTA) 

• It is hydrophilic, so it will bond in the presence of moisture and blood. 

• It has low coefficient of thermal expansion and low polymerization shrinkage. 

• It's often recommended when the periodontium is extensively involved. It is biocompatible for soft tissue and teeth - Studies show gingival cell re-attachment to the material, making it excellent for sub-gingival procedures. 

Applications: 

• Subgingival restorations for root perforation and resorptive lesions. 

• Retrograde filling material 

• Root caries lesions 

• Liner in direct pulp capping 

• In class 5, and conservative class 1 & class 2 restorations 

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