PGCEE MDS 2022: Histochemical demonstration of glycogen in the cells can help in the diagnosis of:

 # Histochemical demonstration of glycogen in the cells can help in the diagnosis of:

a) Malignant melanoma 

b) Squamous cell carcinoma

c) Kaposi's sarcoma 

d) Ewing's sarcoma

The correct answer is D. Ewing's sarcoma.

Ewing's sarcoma also called round cell sarcoma, seen in children and young adults, is characterized by painful swelling of the involved bone, facial neuralgia and lip paresthesia. It produces an irregular diffuse radiolucency, onion-skin and sun ray appearance of bone. Histologically, the neoplasm is composed of solid sheets of round cells, arranged in Filigree pattern. Intracytoplasmic glycogen of these cells helps in the differentiation from reticulum cell sarcoma.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Degree of color saturation is called:

PGCEE MDS 2022 

# Degree of color saturation is called:

A. Hue

B. Value

C. Chroma

D. Translucency

The correct answer is C. Chroma.

Hue is the specific color produced by a specific wavelength of light. It describes the dominant color of an object, for example, red, green, or blue.

Value (Brilliance) is the lightness or darkness of an object. Lighter-shaded objects are with the highest value and dark-shaded objects are with a lower value.

Saturation (Chroma) is the amount of color per unit area of an object. Chroma represents the degree of saturation of a particular hue. For example, some teeth appear more yellow than others.

Translucency is the property of an object that permits the passage of light through it but does not give any distinguishable image.

Metamerism: Objects that appear to be color matched under one type of light may appear different

under another light source. This phenomenon is called metamerism.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Poor accessibility is the main disadvantage of which flap?

# Poor accessibility is the main disadvantage of which flap?

a) Trapezoid

b) Envelope

c) Semilunar

d) Partial thickness flap

The correct answer is C. Semilunar flap.

Basic requirements of a flap:

• Flap must be designed to provide adequate exposure to the surgical area.

• Flap must have a broad base and good vascular supply.

• When placed back, the flap should rest on healthy bone.

Envelop flap: Incision along the free gingival margin with no vertical incision

A two-sided triangular flap is an envelop flap with a releasing incision on one side.

A three-sided rhomboid flap is a modification of a two-sided flap with the addition of a second vertical incision.

Semilunar flap: is designed when the periapical area is required to be exposed. It is always kept 5 mm away from the gingival margin.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Bimanual palpation technique is carried out for:

 # Bimanual palpation technique is carried out for:

a) Submandibular sialadenitis

b) Sublingual gland

c) Ranula

d) Cervical lymph nodes when they are enlarged due to inflammation

The correct answer is A. Submandibular sialadenitis.

During bimanual palpation of submandibular gland, one hand is placed intra orally on the floor of mouth and other extra orally below mandible.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Cherry-blossom appearance on a sialogram indicates:

 # Cherry-blossom appearance on a sialogram indicates:

a) Mucoepidermoid cell carcinoma

b) Acinar cell carcinoma

c) Sjogren's syndrome 

d) Pleomorphic adenoma

The correct answer is C. Sjogren's syndrome.

Sialographs of Sjogren's syndrome demonstrate punctuate, cavitary defects which produce a 'cherry blossom' or 'branchless fruit laden tree' effect.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Which of the following wires is the better choice if alignment is needed?

 # Which of the following wires is the better choice if alignment is needed?

a) Nitinol wire 

b) TMA wire

c) Elgiloy wire 

d) Stainless steel wire

The correct answer is A. Nitinol wire.

TMA wires or  beta titanium wires

• Used for space closure and finishing

 • Used for final adjustment in torquing

Nitinol 

• Used for initial alignment

PGCEE MDS 2022: Surgicel used as a hemostatic agent for post extraction bleeding is:

 # Surgicel used as a hemostatic agent for post extraction bleeding is: 

A. Commercially available thrombin

B. Russel viper's venom

C. Oxidised cellulose

D. Methyl cellulose

The correct answer is C. Oxidised cellulose.

Surgicel is a brand of absorbable hemostatic (blood-clotting) agents that are used during surgery to control bleeding. It is made from oxidized regenerated cellulose, a type of fiber derived from plants. Surgicel is used to stop bleeding from small blood vessels and is often used in conjunction with other methods of hemostasis, such as suture ligation and cauterization. It is commonly used during surgery to help control bleeding in areas that are difficult to access, such as the nose, throat, or inside the mouth. Surgicel is also used to help control bleeding in areas that are prone to bleeding, such as the liver or spleen.

In addition to its use as a hemostatic agent, Surgicel has also been used as a wound dressing to help promote healing and prevent infection. It is often used in conjunction with other wound dressings to provide additional absorbent capacity and absorb exudate (fluid produced by the wound). Surgicel is absorbed by the body over time and does not need to be removed.