PGCEE MDS 2022: Rapid maxillary expansion is not indicated after:

 # Rapid maxillary expansion is not indicated after:

a) 6 years 

b) 9 years

c) 12 years 

d) 15 years

The correct answer is D. 15 years.

Rapid maxillary expansion should be initiated prior to the ossification of the mid-palatal suture. The time of ossification of the mid-palatal suture is about 16 years in girls and 18 years in boys with a broad range of 15-27 years.

Contraindications of Rapid maxillary expansion:

• Single tooth crossbites

• In adults with severe anteroposterior skeletal discrepancies.

• Vertical growers

• Periodontally weak conditions

The retention period following rapid maxillary expansion should be at least 3 - 6 months.

In slow expansion, the maxillary arch is expanded at a rate of 0.5 - l mm per week.

The forces generated in slow expansion procedures are 2-4 pounds while it is 10-20 pounds (1 pound = 450 gms) in RME.

In rapid maxillary expansion, the treatment is completed in 1-2 weeks whereas in the slow expansion it may take as much as 2-5 months.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Gubernacular canal guides the eruption of:

 # Gubernacular canal guides the eruption of:

a) Primary teeth 

b) Permanent teeth

c) First molar

d) Third molar

The correct answer is B. Permanent teeth. 

Actually the correct answer is Succedaneous teeth. Because, not all permanent teeth have a gubernacular canal. The gubernacular canal and cord help in guiding the permanent teeth during the process of eruption. Except molars, all the permanent teeth (incisors, canines, and premolars) are known as succedaneous teeth because they take the place of their primary predecessors.

Permanent molars are not succedaneous teeth, as they develop from the distal extension of the dental lamina. Successional lamina, which is present on the lingual side of primary dental lamina, is absent for permanent molars.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Chronic burrowing ulcer is caused by:

 # Chronic burrowing ulcer is caused by:

a) Microaerophilic streptococci

b) Peptostreptococcus

c) Streptococcus viridans 

d) Streptococcus pyogenes

The correct answer is A. Microaerophilic Streptococci.

Chronic burrowing type of ulcer is due to symbiotic action of microaerophilic non-haemolytic streptococci and hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus. Clinically it is undermined ulcer with lot of granulation tissue in the floor. This condition is painful, toxaemic and the general condition of the patient deteriorates without treatment. Radical drainage is necessary for cure, antibiotics alone being useless. 

Dhangadi Sanjeevani Dental, Dhangadi, Kailali

 Name of Dental Clinic: Dhangadi Sanjeevani Dental

Address (Full): Dhangadi Kailali

Year of Establishment: 2079

Name of the chief Dental Surgeon: Dr. Amrit Raj Jaishi

CONTACT NUMBER: 9860644282

NMC Number of Dental Surgeon: 30037

CLICK HERE TO VIEW ALL DENTAL CLINICS OF SUDURPASCHIM PROVINCE

PGCEE MDS 2022: Histochemical demonstration of glycogen in the cells can help in the diagnosis of:

 # Histochemical demonstration of glycogen in the cells can help in the diagnosis of:

a) Malignant melanoma 

b) Squamous cell carcinoma

c) Kaposi's sarcoma 

d) Ewing's sarcoma

The correct answer is D. Ewing's sarcoma.

Ewing's sarcoma also called round cell sarcoma, seen in children and young adults, is characterized by painful swelling of the involved bone, facial neuralgia and lip paresthesia. It produces an irregular diffuse radiolucency, onion-skin and sun ray appearance of bone. Histologically, the neoplasm is composed of solid sheets of round cells, arranged in Filigree pattern. Intracytoplasmic glycogen of these cells helps in the differentiation from reticulum cell sarcoma.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Degree of color saturation is called:

PGCEE MDS 2022 

# Degree of color saturation is called:

A. Hue

B. Value

C. Chroma

D. Translucency

The correct answer is C. Chroma.

Hue is the specific color produced by a specific wavelength of light. It describes the dominant color of an object, for example, red, green, or blue.

Value (Brilliance) is the lightness or darkness of an object. Lighter-shaded objects are with the highest value and dark-shaded objects are with a lower value.

Saturation (Chroma) is the amount of color per unit area of an object. Chroma represents the degree of saturation of a particular hue. For example, some teeth appear more yellow than others.

Translucency is the property of an object that permits the passage of light through it but does not give any distinguishable image.

Metamerism: Objects that appear to be color matched under one type of light may appear different

under another light source. This phenomenon is called metamerism.

PGCEE MDS 2022: Poor accessibility is the main disadvantage of which flap?

# Poor accessibility is the main disadvantage of which flap?

a) Trapezoid

b) Envelope

c) Semilunar

d) Partial thickness flap

The correct answer is C. Semilunar flap.

Basic requirements of a flap:

• Flap must be designed to provide adequate exposure to the surgical area.

• Flap must have a broad base and good vascular supply.

• When placed back, the flap should rest on healthy bone.

Envelop flap: Incision along the free gingival margin with no vertical incision

A two-sided triangular flap is an envelop flap with a releasing incision on one side.

A three-sided rhomboid flap is a modification of a two-sided flap with the addition of a second vertical incision.

Semilunar flap: is designed when the periapical area is required to be exposed. It is always kept 5 mm away from the gingival margin.