Torque prescription for maxillary central incisor according to MBT in degrees is:

 # Torque prescription for maxillary central incisor according to MBT in degrees is:

A. 17

B. 10

C. -7

D. 0

The correct answer is A. 17.

Torque in orthodontics refers to the buccopalatal crown-root inclination of a tooth. To implement torque, larger dimensional archwires are inserted and engaged into brackets. This generates an activating force as the wire is manipulated into the bracket slot. Torque is not directly “in the wire.” Instead, it results from torsion in an archwire when it interacts with a bracket slot. When the wire twists compared to the bracket slot, it creates a couple (a rotational force) that affects the tooth’s inclination. Torque is not related to the angle of the bracket slot or the axial inclination of the tooth. In orthodontic treatment, torque control is often required, especially for maxillary incisors. Proper torque helps achieve an ideal inter-incisal angle, adequate incisor contact, and sagittal adjustment of the dentition for an ideal occlusion. The goal is to achieve the desired buccopalatal inclination of the crowns and roots. The MBT system is a popular pre-adjusted edgewise appliance system.

In the MBT system, torque prescription is based on the specific bracket design and the desired tooth movement. Orthodontists select brackets with predetermined torque values to achieve the desired crown-root inclination. The torque values are typically printed on the bracket prescription chart provided by the manufacturer. According to MBT, torque prescription for maxillary central incisor in degrees is 17 degrees. 

Which cusp on a maxillary first molar has two ridges: one that forms part of a transverse ridge and the other that forms part of an oblique ridge?

 # Which cusp on a maxillary first molar has two ridges: one that forms part of a transverse ridge and the other that forms part of an oblique ridge?

a. Mesiobuccal

b. Mesiolingual

c. Distobuccal

d. Distolingual

The correct answer is B. Mesiolingual. 

The mesiolingual cusp has triangular ridge as well as buccal ridge as shown in the figure of right maxillary first molar. 

From which view are only two roots visible on a maxillary first molar?

 # From which view are only two roots visible on a maxillary first molar?

a. Mesial

b. Distal

c. Buccal

d. Lingual

The correct answer is A. Mesial.

On both the maxillary first and second molars from the mesial view, two roots can be seen: the lingual

root and the mesiobuccal root, which is considerably wider buccolingually than the hidden distobuccal root.  On the first maxillary molar, the convex buccal outline of the mesiobuccal root often extends a little buccal to the crown outline, but the apex of this root is in line with the tip of the mesiobuccal cusp.

The furcations are likely to be farthest away from the cervical portion of the tooth in which of the following teeth?

 # The furcations are likely to be farthest away from the cervical portion of the tooth in which of the following teeth?

A. Mandibular first molar

B. Mandibular second molar

C. Mandibular third molar

D. Maxillary first molar

The correct answer is C. Mandibular third molar. 

Both maxillary and mandibular third molar roots are noticeably shorter than on firsts or seconds. They are very crooked, often curving distally, and more commonly fused most of their length resulting in a long root trunk with the furcation located only a short distance from the apices of the roots. 

What is the main purpose of miniplates in orthodontic practice?

 # What is the main purpose of miniplates in orthodontic practice?

A. To manage skeletal discrepancy without dental adverse effects 

B. To serve as an alternative anchorage system for mini-implants 

C. To withstand torsional force 

D. To anchor soft tissue to root apices

The correct answer is: A. To manage skeletal discrepancy without dental adverse effects. 

Miniplates are an alternative form of orthodontic TADs. They are anchored on skeletal bone using monocortical titanium screws and are indicated for orthopaedic traction to manage skeletal discrepancy without dental adverse effects. They can also be used as an alternative anchorage system when mini-implant insertion is unsatisfactory. While miniplates can be used as an alternative anchorage system, their primary purpose is not specifically to serve as an alternative to mini-implants.

Unlike mini-implants, miniplates can resist various types of force applications and have a lower failure rate. They are able to withstand force with a magnitude of 400–500 g. Additionally, the portion of a miniplate covered by soft tissue can be anchored apically to root apices, helping to avoid potential root damage and reduce soft tissue irritation.

Skeletal class II growth pattern 18 years old Female

 # Mr. Baburam Bhattarai brought his two children one female and one male for dental checkup. The female was 18-years-old & the male was 12 years old. Both had a skeletal class II growth pattern. The growth modification can be done only for the following: 

A. Only in male 

B. Only in female 

C. In both the male & female 

D. Cannot be done 

The correct answer is A. Only in Male.

Though the chronological age may be misleading and the status of growth has to be evaluated through CVM stages, growth modulation is possible in 12 year males and it's not possible in 18 year females. 

Test done when midline diastema and high frenal attachment is present

 # Prachanda, a 20-year-old boy went to his dentist with a complaint of spacing between his upper central incisors. On examination there was presence of mid line diastema. There was a high frenal attachment. Which test will the dentist do to confirm it?

 A. Montoux test 

B. Cotton test 

C. Ganong’s test 

D. Blanch test

The correct answer is D. Blanch Test.

To confirm the high frenal attachment in the presence of a midline diastema, the dentist would perform the Blanch test. This test involves lifting the lip and pulling it outward. If blanching (whitening) occurs in the soft tissue palatal to or between the central incisors, it indicates a high labial frenum attachment. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Blanch test.